Moving-picture machine.



A. F. HAMMER. n MOVING PICTURE MACHINE.

PPLIGATION 'FILED 00T. 3.1908.

Patented June 22, 1909.

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MOVING HGTURB MAUHINE.

v APPLICATION FILED 0CT,3,1908 I .925,697 Patented June 22, w08'.

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'Improvement in Moving-'Picture UNITnnsTA-Tnsrnannr ormoni.

ADOLPH r: HAIIAOEK, or OHIOAGO, ILLINOIS, AssIGN on OF oNE-HALF-io D, B. BAKER, or onIoAoo,y ILLINOIS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

atented June v22, 1909. i

Application led October 3, 1908. Serial No. 455,945.

To all inkom it 'may Concern:

Be it known that I, ADOLPH F. HAIIAOEK, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cool; and btate of Illinois, have invented a new and useful Machines, of which the followingis aspecilication.

In moving-picture machines, whether used for taking or for exhibiting pictures on a film, the latter is fed' through the machine either by sprocket-mechanism engaging pei'- ,forations'in the film-edges, or by friction.

'lrhe primary object of my invention is to adapt a machine for frictionally feeding the iilm to perforate the latter with accu-racy relatively to each picture thereon and thereby adapt it to be used with lmacl'iines employing the sprOc/ket-feed. I '1 have more particularly devised myim provement as an adjunct of the movingpicture machine shown and described in Letters-Patent of the United States, No. 909,904, granted to me January 12, 1909, and' therefore hereinafter describe it in that connectionfand illustrate it in the present drawings in its coperative relation to that machine,

- modified in n iore or less unimportant details.

` In the accompanying drawings, Figure l shows a moving-picture -machine equipped with my improvement, by a view in sectional elevation, the section being taken on the line 1--l,'Fi'-- 3; Fig. 2 is a plan-'section of the .same O11 ne irregular line 2 2, Fig. 1; Fig.-

isa section on line 3,.Fg. 1; Fig. 4 presents the perforating mechanism bya broken .View in side elevation, mainly sectional, and Fig. 5 is a face-view, on line 5, Fig. 4, of the .punch-carrying member of the perforator.

-S.The casing' has the two'endcompartments 7 and 8 containing reels for Winding from one upon the other, in the directionof the arrovvspon Fig. 1, the lm 9, which is guided, as indicated, across an end of a,lensbarrel '10 and past an adjacent rotary shutter devioe'lland about an intermittently actuated frictional feed-device 12' consisting o'f an eXpansible and contractible Wheel '13 and a series of spring-pressed rollers 14 in an arc-shaped frame resiliently suspended at one end by a spring 15 to engage' the rollers with the surface of they wheel.,j.this feeddeviceinvolving the detailed construction setforth ,in my said patent, including the lmeans forexpanding it operated by a handle represented at The spring-pressed light-excluding follower 1o in the hood 17 is also as in said patent except that the tube i compartment 8 carries agrooved pulleyQ/i having an endless-belt connection, indicated at 25, With a larger grooved pulley 26 o iithe drive-shaft 27 which carries an operating crank-handle 28,'if the machine is hand- Operated, though it lmaybe actuated by any suitable motor geared to the drive-shaft.

On the shaft 113 which carries the film-- feeding Wheel 13 is mounted the gear-Wheel l 29 (Fig. 3, and shown dotted in Fig. 2) of' the intermittent-motion device, the drivingmember of which consists of the mutilated worm 30 on a shaft 31 carrying the fly-Wheel 32, said member being formed With Wormsections'extending about part of the circumference of the shaft with the ends of adjacent sections connected by lgear-teeth extendingA about the remainder of that circumference at right-angles to the axis, ,one lof said teeth being pointed and of greater diameter than 'the other teeth for lockingt gear 29. As described in my said application, rotation of' the member 30 drives the member 29,'by the action of the inclined threads, from -no mo` tion to a slow motion increasing to a rapid motion,'then gradually to the slow .motion This arrangement en.

terminating in no motion and the remainder of the rotation of the driving member engages its straight teeth Withthose of the driven member .29 to' cause the shallower I teeth to hold it against further' rotation until it is again engaged bythe Worm-sections,

and to cause `the higher .pointed tooth to ylock it against vibration or back-lash.

For dritting theL-machine a large gear 33 on the shaft 27 mesheswith a pinion 34' on Ioa a shaft 35 geared to the shutter, and this gear also drives a-shaft 36 having av miter' gearedconnectionwith the shaft 31 of the ff.

driving vmember 30 of the intermittent-motion device, all as' shown and described in my aforesaid patent.

4In the'path of the film 9 tolthe Wheel 13 is a perforator 37, between the members of which it passes, by the act'ion of the intermittent-motion device, to undergov perfora tion in the stationary intervals of the film.

The female member 38 ofthe perforator is,

formly spaced, near eachv lateral edge of the ,parts 38, 39 and 41. The male-member 42 carrying the punches 43 is supported in the recessed forward end or'head of a plunger 44 reciprocally confined inl'bearings in the frame 40 to be advanced against the retractv ive force of a spiral spring 45f-conned about it; the punches registering with the openings in the stripper 41. For actuating the perforator-member 42, a cam 46 is mounted of its retractingA spring and advance the.

on the shaft 36, whichalso carries the flywheel 132,- and in its rotation the cam engages a follower shown as an anti-friction roller 47 journaled on a rod 48 connecting the upper ends of legs ofI a frame 49 pivotally supported at their lower ends to adapt the frame to rock; the projecting ends of this rod being pivotally connected by arms 50 with opposite sides of the recessed head of the plunger 44. Thus the spring 45 holds the roller 47 yieldingly in contact with the cam, vso that when'the'low portion of the latter is opposed to the rollerthe' punches -are vtheir.,fully-retracted position, and when its high portion engages the roller the armsv 50 force the frame 49` in the direction to 'draw the plunger against the resistance punches to perforatethe film. The perforating o erationis so timed that a picture on the accurately registers with the perforator each time the film is arrested by the action 'of the lintermittent-motion device, and

thev punches are actuated io perforate .the edges of the picture g'f and ,that the perforations .for each picture 4accurately'match' with those of the one preceding it, whereby no difference occurs throughoutthe film in the spacing of the perforations.

' It is sometimes desired to renderthe pervforator.;inoperative to enablethe machine to- Abe used without .employing'its film-perforatin'g function. To adapt the machineaccordingly, .the cam'nis loosely mountedv on the shaft 36 to slide lengthwise thereof and has a 'releasable tongue-clutch engagement at 51 V(Fig."2)', on one end of its hub, with that to the talremp reel therein.

of the fiy-wheel- 132;' and the oppositeend of the cam-hub is recessed circumferentially to admit theprongs of a fork 52 on one end of an arm 53 provided on its opposite end with a nut -54 extending at aA right-angle from it and in which works a set-Screw 55 supported in a bearing 56` and extending through a side-wall of the easing beyond which it carries a thumb-wheel 155, by which to turn it. To render the perforator inoperative, the screw isturned in the direction to retract the forked arm 53 and withdraw the cam out of its clutch-engagement withl the sensitized film 9 is passed from its reel in chamber 7 over a guide-roller77 and Vthrough an opening 177 therein labout a tautening device 156 and over a guide-roller 57 past the shutter-device and between the barrel 10 and hood 17, where it is held smooth by the usual clamping-frame at 58;

thence it passes between the members of the perforator an thence between those cf the friction-feed device 12 over a guide-rollerl 59 through an opening 188 in the chamber 8 and over a guide-roller 88 in that chamber The focus of the camera-lens is adjusted by observation through the tube 22. Upon then .turning the shaft 27 the shutter-device will open to take the picture and thereupon close, when the perforator will perforate the film some 'distance' below the rsttaken picture, then followsthe action of the worm-sections of engagement of the straight teeth of the inter'- mittent-motion device with the drivenmember thereof. The second picture being thus taken and the shutter closed, before the movement vof the film is continued the' plunger 44 is actuated to advance and withdraw the' punches and thus perforate lthe picture first taken, and so on until the de# camera, with proper lenses in the barrel 1Q,

izo

sired length' of film has been ,subjected to .successive exposures and provided uniformly with perforations along the edges of each --pi'cture The cuttings from the film by theA laction of the punches are carried off by dropping through a-chute 60 provided in suitable position and leading to a box 6l or compartment in the casing.

Aswill be understood, the speed of rota-' tion fof the shutter-device 11,' that `ofthe` cease? cam,,audfthat'ofthe driving-member 30 are alike, since onerevolution of Athe member 230 turns the cani andjihe shutter through one revolution'and4 ac-tuates the punch once,l whereby the Worm moves the `Wheel 13 to pull down the film for one picture, then the shutteropens to permit the camera toztake a picture and thereupon closes, then the perfo'rator'punches all the holes for one picture,

the shutter being and remaining closed until l theperforator has operated and the punches have been retracted and the film has been moved downwardly for another picture.

To 'employT the machine for exhibiting pictures on the film thus as a lrinetvoscope, the

. camera-lens is replaced-by a projecting lens 'sprocket -feed referred to.

and a suitable light is adjusted relative to the lens 'and thrown upon a screen, as usual, to penetrate theA picture-bearing hlm properly applied in the machinef By then Ystarting the operation tlie'film Will be intermittently actuated, each movement being of the extent of one. picture, and, as inthe case of the v described camera-operation, including the action'of the perforator if the film be ifnperforated and it vbe desired to perforate it for useV inV machines employing the In this lastnamed use of the perforator the function of the expansible and contractible ivheel '13 is,

especially useful as affording means for compensating for shrinkage orelongation of the .filmby properly expanding the Wheel/if observation shows thatthe film is not' being dran-'n down fast enough because of its elongation, or contracting the Wheel to slow the feed if shrinkage of the film appears.

What 'i claim as neuY and desire to secure by 'Letters' Patent is-- l. In a moving-picture 'taking or exhibiting machine, the combination With picturetaking orexhibiting means the field of Which is traversed by the film, film-observation and focus-adjusting means, a frictional\film feeding device, an intermittent-motion device in driving engagement 'with said feedingdevice, and a perforator in the path of the ln'rto said feeding-device cooperating with the latter and with 'the intermittent-motion deviceiand timed with relation thereto to perforate the film along the edges of successive pictures thereon, whereby inaccuracies inthe `per'forating of the' film may be perceived and corrected, as set forth. I

Q'. In a moving-picture taking or erhibiting machine, the combination with picturetaking or exhibitingmeans the'field of which istraversed by thefilm, film-observation and focus-adjusting means, a frictional expansible and contractible' film-feeding device, an intermittent-inotion device in driving engagement with said feeding device, ,and a vperforator in the path of t-he filmv to saidv .'timedvith relation thereto to perforate the film along the edges lof successive `pictures thereon, fortlic purpose set forth."

3. .in a moving-pcturc orexhibiting niacliinc, vthe con'ibination with picture-taking 'or 'exhibiting ineens the field of which is vtraversed by the film, film-observation and focus-adjusting means, a frictional film-v feeding device, an intermittent-motion device in driving engagement with said feeding-device, and means for perfora'ting a film in its Ycourse to said feeding-device, comprising a.- perforatorhaving a stationary femalemember and a reciprocable punch-carrying member at opposite sides of the film-path, a rocking frame connected With said reciprocable-member, and a cam in driven engagement withv said intermittent-motion device andengaging said frame, for the purpose set forth.

el. in a inciting-picture taking or exhibiting machine, the combination with picturetalring or exhibiting means the field vof which `is` traversed by the film, film-observation and focus-adjusting means, a frictional filmfeeding device, an intermittent-motion device in driving. engagement with said feeding-device, and means for perforatinga film in its course to said feeding-device, comprising a perforator having a stationary femalemember and a spring-retracted punch-carrying member at opposite sides of the filmpath,'a rocking frame connected With said reciprocable member, and a cam in "'driven engagement with said.y int-ermittent-motion device and adjustable into and out of engagement with said frame, for the purpose setl forth. n A

5. .fn a moving-picture talringor exhibiting machine, the combination vvith picturetaking or exhil'iiting means theel-field of which is traversed by the film, iilm-fobservation and focus-adjusting means, a frictional filmfeeding device, an intermittent-motion device in driving engagement.with said' feeding'.- device, and means for perforating a iilm'in its course to said feeding-device, comprising a perfo-rater having a stationaryg-femalemember and a spring-retracted plunger carrying punches opposed to sa'id member with an interposed stripper, a rocking frame carrying` a follower and having arm-connections with said plunger, and a .cam in errg'agement with said follower and supported on a shaft in driven engagement with the driving-member of said intermittent-motion device, for the purpose set forth.

G. In a moving-picture takingor exhibiting machine, the combination of a frictional film-feeding device, vanv intermittent motion device in driving engageinent with said'feed-f' rockin-g follower-carrying-frme' connected and unshipping said elu'teh to engage the with saii'd 'reeiprocable member, a shaft ca-rcam withv and disengage .it .from said: fol

Y rying a {1y-Wheel 'and in'driven engagement lower, for thepur ose set forth.

vwith the driving-member ef said mtermit- AD LPH F. HAMACEK. 5 tentmotion device, a cam loosely mounted on vIn vpresence 0f-' 1 s'aidlshaft 4and having "a clutch-engagement i K'.l M. CORNWALL, with the. fly-wheel, and: means for slfnppingA `R191. ScHAEFl-:m v 

